List of state leaders in 1709

1708 state leaders – Events of 1709 – 1710 state leaders – State leaders by year

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy – Osei Kofi Tutu I, Asantehene (1701–1717)
• Dahomey – Agadja, King of Dahomey (1708–1732)
• Ethiopia – Tewoflos, Emperor of Ethiopia, (1708–1711)
• Kongo – João II, Manikongo of Kongo (1693–1717)
• Nkore – Ntare IV Omugabe of Nkole, (c.1699–c.1727)

Asia

• Akkalkot - Fatehsinh I Raje Bhonsle, ruled 1707-1760
• Aundh - Parusharam Trimbak, Raja (1697–1718)
• Banganapalle - Faiz Ali Khan, Nawab of Baganapalle (1689–1759)
• Bundi - Rao Raja Budh Singh, Raja (1696–1735)
• Cochin - Rama Varma, King of Cochin (1701–1721)
• China (Qing Dynasty) – Kangxi, Emperor of China (1662–1722)
• Japan
  • Monarch –
    1. Higashiyama, Emperor of Japan (1687–1709)
    2. Nakamikado, Emperor of Japan (1709–1735)
  • Shogun (Tokugawa) –
    1. Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Shogun of Japan (1680–1709)
    2. Tokugawa Ienobu, Shogun of Japan (1709–1712)
  • Ryūkyū Kingdom – Shō Tei, King of Ryūkyū (1669–1709)
• Kokand – Shahrukh Biy, Khan of Kokand (1709–1721)
• Kolhapur - Shivaji II, Maharaja (1700–1714)
• Korea (Joseon Dynasty) – Sukjong, King of Joseon (1674–1720)

Europe

• Denmark–Norway –
  • Monarch – Frederick IV, King of Denmark (1699–1730)
  • Prime Minister – Christian Christophersen Sehested, Chancellor of Denmark (1708–1721)
• France – Louis XIV, King of France (1643–1715)
• Great Britain – Anne, Queen of Great Britain (1702–1714)
• Holy Roman Empire – Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (1705–1711)
• Electors
  • Bavaria – Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (1679–1726)
  • Bohemia –
  • Brandenburg – Frederick I of Prussia, (as Frederick III, Elector of Brandenburg), (1688–1713)
  • Cologne –
  • Hanover – George I of Great Britain, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Elector of the Holy Roman Empire (1708–1727)
  • Mainz –
  • Saxony –
  • Trier –
• Princes
  • Anhalt-Bernburg –
  • Anhalt-Dessau – Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (1693–1747)
  • Anhalt-Köthen –
  • Anhalt-Zerbst –
  • Arenberg – Leopold, Duke of Arenberg (1691–1754)
  • Auersperg –
  • Augsburg –
  • Austria –
  • Baden-Baden – Ludwig Georg Simpert, Margrave of Baden-Baden (1707–1761)
  • Baden-Durlach –
  • Bamberg –
  • Berchtesgaden –
  • Brandenburg-Ansbach –
  • Brandenburg-Bayreuth –
  • Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel –
  • Constance –
  • Corvey –
  • Eichstätt –
  • Ellwangen –
  • Freising –
  • Fulda –
  • Fürstenberg – Joseph Wilhelm Ernst, Count of Fürstenberg (1704–1716)
  • Heitersheim –
  • Hesse-Darmstadt –
  • Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) –
  • Hildesheim –
  • Hohenzollern-Hechingen –
  • Holstein-Glückstadt –
  • Holstein-Gottorp –
  • Kempten –
  • Lübeck –
  • Mecklenburg-Schwerin –
  • Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Adolf Friedrich III, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1708–1752)
  • Mergentheim –
  • Münster –
  • Nassau-Orange –
  • Oldenburg –
  • Osnabrück –
  • Paderborn –
  • Palatinate –
  • Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Zweibrücken –
  • Palatinate-Sulzbach –
  • Passau –
  • Regensburg –
  • Salm-Kyrburg –
  • Salm-Salm –
  • Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld –
  • Saxe-Gotha –
  • Saxe-Hildburghausen –
  • Saxe-Meiningen – Anton Ulrich, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (1706–1763)
  • Saxe-Weimar –
  • Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt –
  • Schwarzburg-Sondershausen –
  • Speyer –
  • Strassburg – Guillaume Gaston I Cardinal de Rohan-Soubise, Prince-Bishop of Strassburg (1704–1749)
  • Worms –
  • Württemberg –
  • Würzburg –

• Counts and Prelates
  • Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym –
  • Bentheim –
  • Bentheim-Steinfurt –
  • Essen – )
  • Gandersheim –
  • Gutenzell –
  • Herford –
  • Hesse-Homburg –
  • Hohenlohe-Bartenstein –
  • Hohenlohe-Langenburg –
  • Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen –
  • Hohenlohe-Öhringen – Johann Friedrich II, Count of Hohenlohe-Öhringen (1702–1764
  • Hohenlohe-Weikersheim – Carl Ludwig, Count of Hohenlohe-Weikersheim (1702–1756)
  • Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst –
  • Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen –
  • Hoogstraten –
  • Isenburg – Ernst Kasimir, Count of Isenburg (1708–1749)
  • Isenburg-Birstein –
  • Isenburg-Meerholz –
  • Isenburg-Wächtersbach – Ferdinand Maximilian II, Count of Isenburg-Wächtersbach (1703–1755)
  • Kaisersheim –
  • Käppel –
  • Leiningen-Dachsburg-Falkenburg-Billigheim – Johann Franz, Count of Leiningen-Dachsburg-Falkenburg-Billigheim (1699–1750)
  • Leiningen-Dachsburg-Falkenburg-Heidesheim – Christian Karl Reinhard, Count of Leiningen-Dachsburg-Falkenburg-Heidesheim (1698–1766)
  • Leiningen-Dachsburg-Hartenburg –
  • Leiningen-Emichsburg –
  • Lindau –
  • Lippe-Alverdissen –
  • Lippe-Biesterfeld –
  • Lippe-Detmold –
  • Lippe-Weissenfeld –
  • Nassau-Saarbrücken –
  • Nassau-Usingen –
  • Nassau-Weilburg –
  • Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen –
  • Quedlinburg –
  • Reuss-Ebersdorf –
  • Reuss-Gera –
  • Reuss-Lobenstein –
  • Reuss-Obergreiz –
  • Reuss-Schleiz –
  • Reuss-Untergreiz –
  • Salm-Dhaun –
  • Salm-Dyck –
  • Salm-Grumbach –
  • Salm-Leuze –
  • Salm-Reifferscheid –
  • Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg –
  • Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein –
  • Schaumburg-Lippe –
  • Stolberg-Rossla –
  • Stolberg-Stolberg –
  • Stolberg-Wernigerode –
  • Waldeck-Pyrmont –
  • Weingarten –
  • Westerburg-Leiningen-Neu-Leiningen (Bavaria Line) –
  • Westerburg-Leiningen-Neu-Leiningen (Nassau Line) –
  • Wied –
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
  • Sultan – Ahmed III, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1703–1730)
  • Grand Vizier – Damad Çorlulu Ali Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (1706–1710)
• Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth – Augustus II, King of Poland (1709–1733)
• Portugal – John V, King of Portugal (1706–1750)
• Prussia – Frederick I, King of Prussia (1701–1713)
• Russia – Peter I, Tsar of Russia, (1682–1725)
• Spain – Philip V, King of Spain (1700–1724, 1724–1746)
• Sweden –
  • Monarch – Charles XII, King of Sweden (1697–1718)
  1. Prime Minister – Nils Gyldenstolpe, President of the Privy Council Chancellery (1705 – 22 February 1709)
  2. Prime Minister – Vacant, President of the Privy Council Chancellery (22 February 1709 – 21 March 1710)
• Tuscany – Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1670–1723)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Grand Pensionary of Holland – Anthonie Heinsius (1689–1720)

Middle East and North Africa

• Morocco – Ismail, Sultan of Morocco (1684–1727)